US President Biden, Turkey's Erdogan discuss Gaza war, Sweden's NATO bid

In a phone discussion on Thursday, US President Joe Biden and Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan addressed the Gaza conflict and Sweden’s bid to join NATO, according to separate statements from the two nations.

Turkey, which supports a two-state solution to the decades-old Israeli-Palestinian conflict, has condemned Israel’s catastrophic attack in Gaza, a tiny Hamas-ruled enclave, and demanded an immediate truce. It has also attacked Western backing for Israel, particularly US support.

Following the cross-border rampage by Hamas militants on Oct. 7, Washington, Israel’s closest ally, has repeatedly stated its support for Israel’s right to defend itself, but has stepped up calls on Israel to exercise restraint in its campaign, which has killed nearly 19,000 people and devastated much of the Gaza Strip.

The Turkish presidency stated in a statement that Erdogan informed Biden that the US had a historic obligation to create a permanent peace in Gaza, which could be assured if its NATO ally reduced its unconditional backing for Israel.

“It is the historic responsibility of the USA to ensure a permanent ceasefire in the region as soon as possible,” Erdogan was cited by his office as saying.

The White House said Biden “reiterated his support for Israel’s right to defend itself” and emphasised “the need for a political horizon for the Palestinian people” – namely, the Palestinian quest for a state in Israeli-occupied territory.

Sweden’s NATO bid

The two men also delved into Turkish-U.S. relations, including the issue of F-16 fighter jet sales to Turkey, Erdogan’s office said.

White House spokesperson John Kirby told reporters: “I certainly wouldn’t be surprised at all if it was also raised that we continue to support a modernization program for their F-16s.”

Turkey asked in October 2021 to buy 40 Lockheed Martin Corp F-16 fighters and 79 modernization kits for its existing warplanes. The Biden administration backs the $20 billion sale but there have been objections in the U.S. Congress over Turkey’s human rights record and over its delaying of NATO enlargement to bring in Sweden.

The White House said Biden and Erdogan also discussed “the importance of welcoming Sweden as an ally as soon as possible and further enhancing” Turkey’s “interoperability” with NATO.

After long-time non-alignment, Sweden applied to join NATO to bolster its security in response to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, but has been left waiting due to resistance from alliance states Turkey and Hungary.

Akif Cagatay Kilic, Erdogan’s senior foreign policy adviser, told CNN on Thursday that there were still some issues that need to be “ironed out” for Sweden’s bid to be ratified by Turkish lawmakers. He said the ideal situation would be for Washington to move forward with the sale of F-16 jets simultaneously.

“It would help immensely with the work in (Turkey’s) parliament because as you know they have to approve it. It is in the works, it is in debate,” Kilic said.

There were still issues Ankara was “in doubt” over, Kilic said, and there was “a certain amount of resistance” among lawmakers. He gave no timeline for a ratification vote.